SEMESTER-II

EL - 203 Electromagnetic Fields and Waves

Vectors and Vector identities.
Electrostatics, electric field, emf, lines of force, potential, use of Coulomb's and Gauss's laws, method of images and boundary conditions in analysis of shielding, capacitance calculations, electron optics, dielectric breakdown, electrostatic Xerox, inkjet and laser printers.

Magnetostatics, theory of magnetism, magnetic forces and magnetic induction, boundary conditions on B and H, applications in analysis of RC, LC,LCR circuits, pn junction, electronic deflection system in CRT, Biot-Savart's Law, Ampere's law, vector potential.

Maxwell's equations, correspondence of field and circuit equations, wave equation, Poynting vector theorem, propagation, reflection and refraction of plane waves in free space, through media, lossless and lossy Transmission lines, standing wave and standing wave ratio, line impedance and admitance, impedance matching.

Waveguides, standing wave and standing wave ratio, characteristic impedance and admitance, impedance matching, use of Smith's chart, propagation modes, dielectric waveguides and optical fibers.

Short dipole antennas, antenna arrays, horn and helical antenna, field pattern and radiation resistance in various cases, radar equation, Antenna types and parameters for isotropic, dipole, broadside and end fire arrays, Yagi-Uda, log periodic and rhombic antenna, microwave antennas, horn, microstripline, slot antennas, parabolic reflector, Antenna design programs.

EL - 204 Basic Integrated Circuits and Systems(Digital) and Introduction to Microprocessor

Binary numbers and Boolean algebra, reduction of boolean expressions, equivalence of SOP and POS standard forms,Karnaugh maps.
Logic families and their characteristics, TTL, ECL, NMOS, CMOS, basic TTL gate, open collector and totem pole outputs, wire ANDing, Three-state devices, Schmitt trigger, strobed gates, expandable gates.

Combinatorial logic circuits, encoders/decoders, multiplexer/ demultiplexers, code converters, Programmable Logic Arrays.

Sequential Ciruits, Flip-flops, counters, shift registers, ring counter and sequencer circuits, state diagrams, Finite state machines.

Arithmetic and Logic circuits, Comparison circuits, parity checking and generation, adder, subtraction, look ahead carry, binary multiplication and division, floating and fixed point arithmetic, ALU design.

Memories, Bipolar RAM, MOS memories, SRAM. DRAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM and EEPROMs.

Different types of D/A and A/D converters, circuits and specifications.

Digital system design applications and introduction to microprocessor and microcontroller.

EL - 205 Physics of Semiconductor Devices

PN junction diodes, drift-diffusion currents, metal semiconductor junctions, Schottky diode, metal silicides fabrication and applications, construction, principle of operation, and applications of Tunnel diode, PIN diode, Varactor diode and Zener diode.
Bipolar junction transistors, Ebers-Moll expressions, switching characteristics, transient and ac conditions, secondary effects, frequency limitations and microwave transistors.

Field Effect transistors, JFET, MOSFET, ideal MOS capacitor, control of threshold voltage, surface field effect transistors, Id-Vds characteristics, practical device effects.

Negative conductance, IMPATT and Gunn Microwave devices. Semiconductor heterojunction lasers, mechanism/ materials, masers, Power semiconductor devices, thyristor family, SCR, diac, triac, power transistors, power MOSFETs.

Optical memories, quantum well devices, Pockel Switch etc.

Device characterization techniques, measurement of electrical parameters of semiconductor materials, resistivity, mobility, carrier concentration, carrier type, Optical and electrooptical properties, Faraday rotation etc.

EL - 206 Optoelectronics

Light radiation, electromangnetic spectrum, photometric and radiometric system for intensity measurement, Properties of light sources.
Revision of basics of reflection, refraction,transmission and absorption of light radiation, Ray-tracing through lenses, convex, concave and plane mirrors, prisms etc. Refractive index, total internal reflection.

LED, electroluminescence, carrier injection and recombination in pn junction diode, gas and solid state LASERs, pulse lasers. Photodetectors, photoconductive detectors, photoelectric cell, photomultiplier tube, photodiode, PIN photodiode, Avalanche photodiode, phototransistor, Optocouplers, Optointerruptors, LASCR.

Optical fiber theory and applications, parameters and types of optical fibers, single and multimode fibers, dispersion, step and graded index fibers, construction of optical fiber cables, loss mechanisms, connectors and splices, power budget of optical fiber link.

Display devices, indicators, numeric, alphanumeric and special function displays, LCD, viewability, response time, contrast ratio. Industrial applications of optoelectronics., optointerrupter, shaft encoder, remote control.

Optical computing and holography.